| Wm Wordsworth
dies Tennyson becomes Poet Laureate |
1850 |
Peterborough
Railway Bridge opens Cast iron railway bridge opened in Newcastle Britannia Bridge opens across Menai Straits |
| JMW Turner dies John James Audubon dies Saltaire construction begun |
1851 |
Great
Exhibition Isaac Singer produces the first sewing machine |
| Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin" Great Western Royal Hotel opens in Paddington Kew Waterlily House built Augustus Pugin dies |
1852 |
Physicist
Henri Becquerel born |
| Vincent Van Gogh
born
Levi Strauss sells jeans
to US
miners Scarborough market hall
opens |
1853 |
Smallpox
vaccination made compulsory |
| Crimean War »
1856 battles of Alma, Balaclava and Inkerman Charge of the Light Brigade Florence Nightingale arrives at Scutari William West dies |
1854 |
British
Medical Association
founded |
| Daily Telegraph
founded |
1855 |
|
| Ellen Terry appears
on stage for the 1st time End of Crimean War Oscar Wilde born George Bernard Shaw born Sigmund Freud born |
1856 |
|
| 2nd Opium War Indian Mutiny Victoria and Albert Museum opens "The Wonderful Adventures of Mrs Seacole in Many Lands" published |
1857 |
Great
Western dismantled Brunel's Tamar Bridge Opened |
| The Great Stink
-
London |
1858 |
Netherton
Tunnel opens Delph "Nine" Locks reconstructed Donati's Comet |
| John Stuart Mill's
"On Liberty" George Eliot's "Adam Bede" Jerome K Jerome born Arthur Conan Doyle born |
1859 |
Darwin's
"Origin of Species" Brunel's Royal Albert Bridge opens at Saltash I K Brunel dies |
| Abraham Lincoln made
US president |
1860 |
British
Association for the
Advancement of Science meets at
Oxford Henry Bessemer patents the converter to make steel from iron |
| Prince Albert
dies Hawley Harvey Crippen born |
1861 |
First
horse-drawn trams in London
Daily weather forecasts
begin |
| Henry David Thoreau
dies George Borrow's "Wild Wales" John Merrick born |
1862 |
|
| Edvard Munch born
» 1944 Henri Toulouse-Lautrec born Tom King becomes the first world heavyweight boxing champion |
1863 |
Runcorn
Railway Bridge opens Blackpool North Pier opens Work starts on London
Underground |
| Albert
Memorial built Leo Tolstoy's "War and Peace" Eugene Delacroix (artist) dies Poet John Clare dies in Northampton Asylum |
1864 |
|
| Diamonds discovered
in South Africa Ford Madox Brown's Work exhibited for the first time Abraham Lincoln assassinated Isabella Beeton dies Joseph Paxton dies |
1865 |
Scarborough
Valley Bridge opens Aberystwyth Pier opens |
| Beatrix Potter
born J W Penfold designs the red pillarbox |
1866 |
Great
Eastern lays the first
transatlantic cable Brighton West Pier built |
| Lime juice ration becomes a legal
requirement in the merchant
navy to fight scurvy Rose's Lime Juice Cordial first produced by Lauchlan Rose |
1867 |
First
bicycle built Nobel produces dynamite Marie Curie born |
| Flogging in
peacetime and transporation abolished Last public execution outside Newgate Prison, London Charles Rennie Mackintosh born (d.1928) |
1868 |
|
| Imprisonment for
debt abolished |
1869 |
Suez
Canal opens Cutty
Sark launched
Periodic Table of the
Elements
devised |
| Charles Dickens
dies 1st Dr Barnado's Home opens |
1870 |
Loughborough
gets its first public water supply |
| Stanley finds Livingstone Bank Holidays introduced Royal Albert Hall opens |
1871 |
Souter
Lighthouse built Ernest Rutherford born (d.1937) Charles Babbage dies |
| Aubrey Beardsley
born Piet Mondrian born (d. 1944) Wm Heath Robinson born (d.1944) |
1872 |
|
| Sir Edwin Landseer
dies Derby's first public swimming pool Jules Verne's "Around the World in 80 Days" |
1873 |
Colour
photographs first developed Horse-drawn tram system opens in Sheffield |
| Levi Strauss patents blue jeans |
1874 |
Barbed
wire invented by Joseph Glidden Caudwell's Mill built |
| Hans Christian Andersen dies Samuel Taylor Coleridge born John Buchan born (d.1940 "39 Steps" "Prester John") Capt Matthew Webb swins the English Channel Bizet's "Carmen" first performed |
1875 |
Anderton
Boat Lift opens
London's sewer system
completed Excavation begins at
Creswell
Crags |
| Victoria proclaimed
Empress of India Mark Twain's "Adventures of Tom Sawyer" Compulsory school attendance in the UK Titus Salt dies |
1876 |
Plimsoll
Line introduced Death of Samuel Plimsoll Bell patents the telephone Bissell patents the carpet sweeper |
| Queen Victoria becomes Empress of India |
1877 |
Edison
invents the phonograph Fox Talbot dies |
| John Masefield
born Tchaikovsky's "Swan Lake" Salvation Army named Gilbert & Sullivan's "HMS Pinafore" George Gilbert Scott dies |
1878 |
Swan
demonstrates the electric
lightbulb Downham Market clock erected Invention of the
microphone |
| Bournville
construction begun |
1879 |
Albert
Einstein born
(d.1955) Forth Bridge (railway bridge) construction begins Blackpool installs the world's first electric arc street lighting » 1897 |
| George
Eliot dies 1st Boer War First cricket Test Match between England and Australia Giles Gilbert Scott born (d.1960) Jacob Epstein (sculptor) born (d.1959) Start of Arts and Crafts Movement |
1880 |
First
street lighting in New York |
| Thomas Carlyle dies (Scottish essayist and
historian) Pablo Picasso born. (d.1973) Mary Seacole dies Ernest Bevin born (d. 1951 WWII politician introduced "Bevin Boys" miners) |
1881 |
Natural
History Museum opens in South Kensington, London |
| Eric Gill (sculptor) born (d.1942) |
1882 |
Charles
Darwin dies |
| Fitzgerald dies Edouard Manet (painter) dies Stevenson's "Treasure Island" Matthew Webb dies |
1883 |
Brighton
West Pier extended
First skyscraper built
(10
storeys) in Chicago |
| The Great English Earthquake |
1884 |
Gregor
Mendel dies Edwin A Abbott's "Flatland" Papplewick Pumping Station opens Eugenius Birch dies |
| General Gordon dies at
Khartoum Gilbert and Sullivan's "The Mikado" |
1885 |
Louis
Pasteur dies |
| Thomas Hardy's "Mayor of
Casterbridge" Statue of Liberty
dedicated |
1886 |
Thomas
Burrow's apology Clarence Birdseye, inventor of the deep-freeze process, born |
| Victoria's Golden
Jubilee LS Lowry born » 1976 Wightwick Manor, Wolverhampton built Rupert Brooke born in Rugby, Warwickshire.(d.1915) Sherlock Homes first appears in "A Study in Scarlet" by Arthur Conan Doyle Bloody Sunday (Demonstration in Trafalgar Sq for the release of Irish Nationalist William O'Brien. Dispersed by police) |
1887 |
Esperanto
international language invented Barnes Wallis born in Ripley, Derbyshire. Inventor of the "bouncing bomb" (d.1979) Coal Mines Regulation Act prevents boys under 13 working below ground |
| De Beers
Consolidated Mines established at Kimberley, South Africa Jack the Ripper murders Port Sunlight begun Financial Times first
published Edward Lear dies |
1888 |
John
Boyd Dunlop patents the
pneumatic tyre Electric chair first used in New York George Eastman introduces the Kodak box camera |
| Jerome's
"Three Men
in a Boat" Federal laws introduced in the US to protect the buffalo |
1889 |
Southend
Pier built Paris Exhibition - Eiffel Tower completed Igor Sikorsky - helicopter pioneer - born Institution of Electrical Engineers founded |
| Vincent Van Gogh
commits suicide Queen Victoria grants Crown Derby the right to add "Royal" to its name John Merrick dies Massacre at Wounded Knee |
1890 |
First
moving pictures shown in New York |
| Oscar Wilde
publishes "The Portrait of
Dorian Gray" |
1891 |
Zips
invented |
| Conan Doyle's "The Adventures of Sherlock
Holmes" J R R Tolkien born (d. 1973) Walt Whitman dies Thomas Cook (Travel agent) dies Liverpool University's Victoria Building completed |
1892 |
Bridgnorth
Funicular Railway opens John William Alcock born. (d.1919 Alcock and Brown were the first to fly non-stop across the Atlantic - 1919) |
| Beatrix Potter's
"Peter Rabbit" Edvard Munch's "The Scream" Ford
Madox
Brown dies
New Zealand gives women the vote Sheffield granted city staus Wilfred Owen born in Oswestry, Shropshire (d. 1918) |
1893 |
Henry
Ford's first automobile produced |
| 1894 |
Tower
Bridge, London completed Blackpool Tower opens Marconi's first radio message |
|
| National Trust founded H G Wells's "The Time Machine" |
1895 |
T.H
Huxley dies Rontgen discovers X rays |
| William Morris
dies Sir John Everett Millais dies Dante Gabriel Rossetti dies Daily Mail newspaper founded Kew Gardens employs women gardeners for the first time |
1896 |
Aberystwyth
Cliff Railway
opens Nobel Prizes first announced >> 1901 |
| Tate Gallery opens in London |
1897 |
Blackpool's
first illuminations
Discovery of the electron |
| Edward Burne-Jones
dies |
1898 |
Samuel
Plimsoll dies Pierre and Marie Curie discover radium Liverpool University opens the world's first School of Tropical Medicine UK's first speeding fine imposed in Northampton |
|
Noel
Coward born (d. 1973)
Ernest Hemingway born (d. 1961) L Frank Baum's "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz" Bassett's Liquorice Allsorts "invented" Start of Boer War |
1899 |
Aspirin
registered as a trade mark Brighton Pier opens Electric
trams introduced in Sheffield
|